Make vs Buy Calculator

Compare In-House Manufacturing Against Outsourcing

Enter your production volume, in-house costs, and vendor pricing to see which option is cheaper. Includes break-even volume and per-unit cost breakdown.

Production Volume

units

Make In-House

$
$
$
$

Buy from Vendor

$
$
$

Recommendation

Make

Save $30,000 (15.4%) annually

Total Make Cost

$165,000

$16.00 / unit

Total Buy Cost

$195,000

$19.50 / unit

Cost Comparison

Make In-House$165,000
Buy from Vendor$195,000

Break-Even Volume

1,429

units / year

Annual Savings

$30,000

15.4% reduction

Unit Cost Breakdown

Material$5.00
Labor$8.00
Overhead$3.00
Setup (amortized)$0.50
Make Total / Unit$16.50

Make vs Buy Analysis Framework

The make vs buy decision is one of the most common strategic choices in manufacturing. A structured cost comparison is the starting point, but the right answer depends on more than just the numbers.

When Making Typically Wins

  • High volumes that amortize setup and tooling costs across many units
  • Core competency parts where you have specialized equipment and expertise
  • Tight quality requirements that demand direct process control
  • Short lead time needs where waiting on vendors adds risk

When Buying Typically Wins

  • Low volumes where setup costs dominate the per-unit calculation
  • Commodity parts where vendors achieve economies of scale you cannot match
  • Capacity constraints where shop floor time is better spent on higher-margin work
  • Specialized processes you lack the equipment or expertise for

Hidden Costs to Consider

The calculator captures direct costs, but several less obvious factors can tip the scale in either direction. Consider these before making a final decision.

Hidden Costs of Making

  • Opportunity cost: Machine hours used here cannot produce revenue-generating work
  • Quality failures: Scrap, rework, and warranty claims from in-house production
  • Equipment maintenance: Tooling wear, machine depreciation, and repair costs
  • Training and turnover: Costs to develop and retain skilled operators

Hidden Costs of Buying

  • Supply chain risk: Vendor delays, quality escapes, and single-source dependency
  • Communication overhead: Engineering changes, RFQs, and vendor management time
  • Inventory carrying: Safety stock and minimum order quantities from vendors
  • IP exposure: Sharing drawings and specifications with outside suppliers

Decision Factors Beyond Cost

Cost is the starting point, but the best make vs buy decisions weigh strategic factors that don't show up in a spreadsheet.

Strategic Alignment

Does this part or process represent a core competency? If producing it in-house gives you a competitive advantage through better quality, faster iteration, or proprietary knowledge, the strategic value may outweigh a cost disadvantage. Conversely, outsourcing non-core activities frees resources for what you do best.

Capacity and Flexibility

Consider your current and future capacity situation. If your shop is running at 90% utilization, adding internal work may require capital investment or overtime. Outsourcing provides elastic capacity that scales with demand without fixed cost commitments.

Lead Time and Responsiveness

In-house production typically offers shorter and more predictable lead times. When customers require rapid turnaround or frequent engineering changes, having direct control over the production process can be worth a cost premium. Vendor lead times also tend to lengthen during high-demand periods.

Risk Management

Dual sourcing, where you maintain the capability to make in-house while also qualifying a vendor, gives maximum flexibility at higher cost. For critical components, this redundancy may be worth the investment. Evaluate the business impact of a supply disruption when weighing the decision.