back to glossary

Application Programming Interface

API
TechnologyMFG-API-001

An Application Programming Interface (API) is a set of rules that allows different software applications to communicate and exchange data with each other.

Definition

An Application Programming Interface (API) is a software intermediary that defines interactions between multiple software applications. It specifies the types of requests one program can make to another. It also dictates the data formats and conventions to use for those requests and their responses.

When one system needs information from another, it sends an API request, or 'call'. The API receives this call, retrieves the requested information from the target system, and returns it in a structured format. For example, a shop floor dashboard might make an API call to a machine's sensor to get the current temperature. The API ensures the request is understood and the temperature data is returned correctly.

APIs are important for connecting the different software systems used in a manufacturing facility. They enable data to flow automatically between an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, a Manufacturing Execution System (MES), and shop floor equipment. This automation reduces manual data entry, minimizes errors, and provides real-time visibility into operations. A connected factory relies on APIs to keep information consistent across all departments.

Manufacturers implement APIs in several ways. They can use the pre-built APIs included with their commercial software (like an ERP or CMMS). They can also develop custom APIs to connect legacy equipment or create specific workflows. For instance, a custom API can pull work order details from an MES and send them directly to a CNC machine's controller.

Example

A custom cabinet shop uses an API to connect its online design tool to its MES. When a customer finalizes a design, an API call sends the bill of materials and cut list to the MES. The MES then automatically creates a work order and schedules the job on the shop floor.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between an API and an integration?

An API is a tool for building connections. An integration is the connection itself, which is often built using one or more APIs to link two systems.

Do I need a programmer to use an API?

Setting up API connections often requires technical skills. However, many modern software platforms have interfaces that allow non-programmers to configure API-based workflows.

Is using an API secure?

Secure APIs use authentication methods like API keys to control access. They also use encryption (HTTPS) to protect data during transfer between systems.

Can an API connect our old machines to our new MES?

Yes, this is a common use. If a legacy machine can output data through a PLC or sensor, a custom API can be developed to translate that data and send it to the MES.

What is a REST API?

REST is a common architectural style for designing APIs. It uses standard web protocols like HTTP, making it a flexible and widely adopted method for connecting applications.

Industry Context
ElectronicsAutomotiveMedical DevicesAerospace
INTEGRATIONSYSTEMSDATAIIOTSOFTWARE